Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from patients with hematological malignancies in three-year period: Pathogens in hematological malignancies

Çiğdem Arabacı; Mehmet Burak Aksu

doi:10.5281/zenodo.7026693

Authors

Çiğdem Arabacı University of Health Sciences, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0050-3225
Mehmet Burak Aksu Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3439-9158

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026693

Keywords:

Antimicrobial resistance, hematological malignancy , infection

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the 3-year findings of bacterial and fungal pathogens isolated from infections in patients with hematological malignancies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 158 patients with hematological malignancies treated between January 2015 and December 2017 in Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 3374 non-consecutive blood samples (n=1954) from 158 patients, urine samples (n=1024), wound swabs (n=94), respiratory samples (n=87), and other samples (CSF, body fluids, etc.) (n=215) were collected.

Results: Pathogen growth was detected in 6% (203/3374) of the samples. The most frequently isolated pathogens are coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS, 20%), E. coli (19%), Klebsiella sp. (17%) and yeasts (16%), followed by Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp. and Enterococcus sp. (7%, 6% and 6%, respectively). Candida species were dominant in fungal isolates (26/32; 81.2%). The most commonly detected antibiotic resistance patterns and organisms are carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter sp. (92%), methicillin-resistant CNS (83%), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella sp. (65%), MRSA (57%), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE, 42%).

Conclusion: Bloodstream infections accounted for more than half of all infection episodes. Periodic examination of the clinical and microbiological profiles of infections developing in patients with malignancy is essential for successful treatment management.

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